This report documents the formative research of sanitation behaviours in Pemagatshel Dzongkhag undertaken as part of the Sustainable Sanitation and Hygiene for All Programme in partnership with the Ministry of Health. The overall objective of this research was to identify opportunity, ability and motivations of selected sanitation related behaviours in the district. The qualitative research design used the SaniFOAM framework as a means of organizing and analyzing the behavioural determinants. The research was conducted to provide the basis for the design of an evidence-based behaviour change communication strategy for the District in 2012 to improve access to improved sanitation and safe hygiene practices.