Publicaciones

The Indonesia Domestic Biogas Programme, popularly called BIRU (Biogas Rumah), is a national programme, implemented by the Dutch NGO Hivos with technical assistance from SNV and in close cooperation with DGEEU. The programme, funded by the Royal Netherlands Embassy started on 15 May 2009 and will run under the current contribution agreement until 31 December 2012. Its overall objective is to disseminate domestic bio-digesters as a local, sustainable energy source through the development of a commercial, market oriented sector in selected Indonesian provinces. This report presents the annual report of 2009 of the programme. The report contains: specific objectives and output indicators, the institutional setting, an overview of all 2009 activities, an overview of the scheduled activities for 2010, resource allocation, reporting obligations, monitoring and evaluation, budget requirements and challenges and lessons learned.

The Indonesia Domestic Biogas Programme, popularly called BIRU (Biogas Rumah), is a national programme, implemented by the Dutch NGO Hivos with technical assistance from SNV and in close cooperation with DGEEU.

The programme, funded by the Royal Netherlands Embassy started on 15 May 2009 and will run under the current contribution agreement until 31 December 2012. Its overall objective is to disseminate domestic bio-digesters as a local, sustainable energy source through the development of a commercial, market oriented sector in selected Indonesian provinces.

This annual report presents the status of the programme in 2010. The report contains: specific objectives and output indicators, the institutional setting, an overview of all 2010 activities, an overview of the scheduled activities for 2011, resource allocation, reporting obligations, monitoring and evaluation, budget requirements and challenges and lessons learned.

The Indonesia Domestic Biogas Programme, popularly called BIRU (Biogas Rumah), is a national programme, implemented by the Dutch NGO Hivos with technical assistance from SNV and in close cooperation with DGEEU.

The programme, funded by the Royal Netherlands Embassy started on 15 May 2009 and will run under the current contribution agreement until 31 December 2012. Its overall objective is to disseminate domestic bio-digesters as a local, sustainable energy source through the development of a commercial, market oriented sector in selected Indonesian provinces.

This annual report presents the status of the programme in 2011. The report contains: specific objectives and output indicators, the institutional setting, an overview of all 2011 activities, an overview of the scheduled activities for 2012, resource allocation, reporting obligations, monitoring and evaluation, budget requirements and challenges and lessons learned.

This study assesses the impact of the Indonesia Domestic Biogas Programme on health, sanitation and socio-economic conditions, the physical status, functionality, operation and maintenance of the plants, user satisfaction, impact on agriculture, environment, energy use and emission reduction and measure the level of gender sensitivity. The biogas user survey was conducted towards 169 of biogas user households.

The survey concluded that:

• Biogas program brings tremendous benefits for the farmers. Farmers’ investment to construct biogas plant is actually a very good value for money;
• The economic benefits based on the energy saving only, so investment in biogas plant is actually coverable within 42 months of use;
• The use of bio-slurry as fertiliser is already quite high. However, due to the oversupply of bio-slurry and dung; so the existence of biogas plant is not yet able to improve condition of the surrounding sanitation. On the other hand, the economical use of the oversupplied bio-slurry and dung, namely by selling it to other parties, is still very minim;
• Biogas plant is not only positive for female, but also for male;
• Construction quality of biogas plant is good/very good. The main weaknesses are on quality of the mixer, pipe, manometer and the stove;
• There is strong indication that number of biogas stoves owned affects to the intensification of biogas usage. It also leads to a positive reduction of usage of other energy sources, particularly firewood.

This study assesses the feasibility of setting-up and implementing a National Programme on Domestic Biogas (NDBP) in Indonesia. The three weeks mission in July 2008 included:
• Field visits
• Interviews with informants and potential stakeholders
• Half-day workshop to present the findings of the field visit
• General discussion and rating of key conditions for large-scale dissemination of biogas plants in Indonesia.

It concluded that NDBP in Indonesia looks is in terms of its history, technical potential, financial analysis, number of potential stakeholders, and the interest present to engage in the programme.

The tentative outline for such a programme with a long-term vision to develop a commercial, sustainable biogas sector includes the production of 12,000 biogas plants over a period of three years and will cost about Euro 16.6 million.

The report concludes with recommendations to RNE/Jakarta, the implementing agency, DGEEU under the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR), SNV, and the Directorate General of Livestock Services (DGLS) under the Ministry of Agriculture (MoA).

This report presents the findings and recommendations of a study to assess the feasibility of biogas in the island of Sumba, Indonesia. The report is prepared based on the meetings with government officials, meetings with households and field observations.

A small market for biogas seems feasible in Sumba; however, there are many challenges and limiting factors as well. There are sufficient cattle in Sumba but the availability of dung in the yards is rather limited. The local government seems interested in promoting biogas as a sustainable technology. The Department of Livestock seems to be an appropriate partner for biogas promotion, however collaboration with other departments will be essential.

The market is not big enough to attract the private sector. The technology is new in the island; therefore capacity needs to be built up within the implementing organisations. Motivating households to adopt biogas might be another challenge at the beginning. Ability to pay for biogas is rather low in general therefore higher level subsidies will be required. A micro credit system is yet to be developed, otherwise credit could be an option to resolve the financing problem.

The priority of households is lighting or even generation of electricity. Therefore, besides small household size plants for cooking, larger size plants up to 20m3 are proposed. These can be installed at the community cattle shed and the gas can be shared to multiple households or used to generate electricity. However, it is a big challenge to have these plants managed by the communities.

G4E guidelines for collection of data (e.g. baseline study, research, monitoring and evaluation)

This Practice Brief highlights various approaches used to promote gender equality in the agriculture; water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH); and renewable energy (RE) sectors in Asian countries. SNV Asia has provided extensive capacity-building support in these sectors while putting ‘inclusive development’ at the forefront of the development agenda. The Practice Brief is an attempt to document practices from the field based on successful experiences of SNV in Bhutan, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Nepal and Vietnam. It aims to be a quick reference for development practitioners (within and outside SNV) who are committed to mainstream gender in these three sectors.

Advisors are encouraged to self-reflect, analyse, observe/record the change at different levels (link to managing for results).

The Indonesian Domestic Biogas Programme (IDBP), in Indonesia better known as the BIRU Programme, started in May 2009, and has gradually built up its staff which currently counts around 28 persons. When fully developed the BIRU programme will employ around 56 team members, will have up to 30 construction partners with ca. 240 masons and supervisors, aiming at developing the biogas sector able to build at least 8,000 biogas plants before the end of 2012. This report gives the progress to date on the different subjects; Construction progress; Partner engagement; Promotion; Quality Control; Training; Bio-slurry extension; Research and development; Cooperation with the government; Monitoring and evaluation; Market studies in potential target areas (Lombok, Bali, South Sulawesi).

This biogas programme will utilise the Asian biogas experience in an adapted way in Indonesia, starting with four provinces in 2009 and to be extended to two more provinces outside Java from 2010. The programme targets small-scale livestock owners in areas where wood fuel is becoming scarce and aims to support the construction of some 8,000 domestic biogas digesters, of which 2,000 of Java. The Government of Indonesia’s effort to offer substitutes for kerosene as cooking fuel is another main driver of the programme.

The programme will be funded by the Royal Netherlands Embassy and implemented by two civil society organisations. Overall programme and fund management as well as technical assistance will be carried out by Hivos, while SNV will provide knowledge transfer and back-up of technical assistance. The programme will be implemented by Biogas Programme Offices in each province, selected in consultation with relevant stakeholders.

The proposed programme focuses on implementation through a multi-stakeholder sector development approach, creating a market-based biogas sector, involving locally trained contractors and masons who are supported by vocational training institutions. Biogas digesters do not come cheap, so to reduce the cost barrier, banks and micro-finance institutions will provide loans to the end users. An investment incentive of approximately 25% will be offered by the programme.2 End users are protected against construction errors through a guaranty system. The role of rural development NGOs, dairy cooperatives as well as governmental and private agricultural and live-stock extension services are integrated in the programme.

Mission report on selection of biodigester design and Formulation of Quality Control Framework and certification procedures for biogas constructors (2009).

One of the activities to be conducted for a Domestic Biogas Programme (DBP) is the selection of the most appropriate technology for dissemination under the framework of Indonesia Domestic Biogas Programme. A Terms of Reference (TOR) was developed by IDBP with the following objectives:
• To select the best suitable standard model of biogas plants for Indonesian context
• To formulate the general quality control framework
• To device the certification process for private sector participation.

Based upon TOR, a technical mission was organised during the period June 06-26, 2009. The overall development objective of the DBP in Indonesia is to disseminate domestic biodigesters as a local, sustainable energy source through the development of a commercial, market oriented sector in selected Indonesian provinces.

This brief report summarises the activities and outcomes of the mission. Some of the main activities of the mission were the stakeholders’ workshop and presentations on selection of a biogas plant model, discussion on quality control framework, and certification process for private sector.

The study has concluded that Indonesia has a high potential for biogas technology given the favourable social climatic, as well as technological conditions. However, there are some visible challenges for Indonesia Domestic Biogas.

The Social Inclusion (SI) and Accountability Proofing Tool has been designed to help SNV advisors and other development practitioners consider and adequately address SI and accountability issues while planning, executing, monitoring and evaluating a programme or project. The tool has been structured around three key stages of project management: analysis and planning, implementation and monitoring, and evaluation. Therefore, the use of this tool is intended to be part of and add quality to the programme/project management process.

This report presents findings from the baseline survey, as attempt to establish a reliable database on socioeconomic and gender aspects in the Indonesia Domestic Biogas Programme (IDBP) target districts in Indonesia, as a basis for monitoring and evaluation of programme activities, and also as a benchmark data for an external impact assessment of the IDBP at a point in time that remains to be defined.

Face to face personal interviews using structured questionnaire were conducted toward 243 families of
dairy-cow farmers, which are divided into three areas, namely: Kecamatan Lembang (West-Bandung, West Java), Kecamatan Getasan (Kabupaten Semarang, Central Java) and Kecamatan Jabung, Ngantang, and Pujon (Kabupaten Malang, East Java). All respondents are eligible target for becoming biogas reactor users, but so far they have not yet obtained one.

Within one selected family, interviews were conducted towards one women (priority to housewife) and one men (priority to husband). Questionnaires for the interviews cover aspects of the individual specifically, and the whole family in general. Qualitative surveys were done through individual depth interviews towards management of cooperatives, biogas reactor contractors, and officers of the farmer groups, which were conducted to get a better understanding of the survey results.

The report details on the following topics: social & economic condition of dairy cows farmer family; workload among family member; source of energy used & water; sanitation & hygiene; family nutrition; family health condition; awareness & attitudes toward biogas; access to credit facility; transferred information & knowledge; and involvement in community activity/organization.

The objective of the proposed Indonesia Domestic Biogas Programme of Activities is developing a biogas sector through a market approach and realise the installation of approximately 80,000 biodigesters at households, local communities, SMEs with livestock across Indonesia between 2011 and 2020. The programme stimulates nationwide adoption of biogas technology through:

• Capacity development targeting households, local communities, SMEs, construction service providers and equipment suppliers;
• Provision of an investment subsidy to households, local communities, SMEs on the purchase of the biogas technology, and;
• Offering of credit facilities through a number of affiliated financial institutions. 

The digestion takes place in a biodigester tank outside of the house or building of the user. This programme reduces both carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the use of fossil fuels or non-renewable biomass for cooking purposes, and mitigates methane (CH4) emissions from the baseline manure treatment practices. Aside from mitigating impact on climate change, the programme also positively contributes to the energy security across the country. 

According to the Gold Standard guidance (v2.1), the programme is considered eligible if all of the following conditions show satisfaction according to the guidelines: activity scale, host country, type of activity, greenhouse gases, ODA, timeframe and other certification schemes. 

The report details on the local meetings held in January 2012. The report contains different sections:

• gives a project description with the current project status;
• encompasses the design of a stakeholder consultation process with a description of the physical meetings and a description of other consultation methods used;
• describes the consultation process.

The Indonesia Domestic Biogas Programme (IDBP) started implementation of biodigesters on 1 November 2009, following an agreement reached between the Royal Netherlands Embassy to support the Indonesian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources in rolling out a national biodigester initiative. This first Voluntary Project Activity (VPA-1) covers the biodigesters that have been implemented up to two years prior to the registration date of the PoA. VPA-1 therefore applies for retroactive inclusion and retroactive crediting.

VPA-1 covers the installation of biodigesters of up to 12 m3 in households that prior to the implementation of the project activity were using non-renewable biomass (NRB) and fossil fuels as their main source of cooking fuel. The biodigesters are fed with manure mixed with water, which undergo anaerobic digestion and produce biogas that is channelled directly to a cook stove. This biogas produced replaces the combustion of NRB and fossil fuels, thereby reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The biodigesters also reduce methane (CH4) emissions by diverting manure that would otherwise decompose without the capture and use of the methane.

The implementing entity of this VPA is Hivos. The document mainly provides: general description of programme activity (VPA); eligibility of VPA and estimation of emission reductions; and, stakeholder comments.